Breast reduction surgery for health reasons
Having larger breasts can sometimes cause more than challenges with clothing or appearance. For some people, it leads to genuine health problems that affect day-to-day life. In these cases, breast reduction surgery (reduction mammaplasty) may be considered. It is, however, a significant operation and comes with both benefits and risks, so it’s important to be well informed before making any decisions.
What does the procedure involve?
Breast reduction surgery is carried out under a general anaesthetic. During the operation, the surgeon removes excess breast tissue, skin and fat, and reshapes the breast. In many cases, the nipple and areola are moved to a new position.
The surgery usually takes two to three hours, though this depends on individual needs. Recovery takes several weeks. You may need to wear dressings and supportive garments, and in some cases temporary drains are used to remove excess fluid. All patients will have some scarring, although surgeons use techniques designed to make scars as discreet as possible.
When is surgery considered for health reasons?
In the UK, breast reduction may be available on the NHS, but usually only if symptoms are severe and non-surgical options haven’t helped. It is not offered purely for cosmetic reasons.
Health-related problems that might make someone eligible include:
- Ongoing neck, shoulder or back pain caused by breast weight
- Skin irritation or rashes under the breasts
- Grooves or discomfort from bra straps
- Difficulty exercising or reduced mobility
Each NHS region sets its own criteria, so eligibility can vary. Doctors may also take into account general health, weight, and whether someone smokes.
What are the potential benefits?
When medically appropriate, breast reduction can help relieve physical symptoms. People often report:
- Less back, neck and shoulder pain
- Better posture and mobility
- Fewer skin problems under the breast fold
- More comfort during exercise and daily activities
- Greater ease when choosing supportive clothing
What are the risks?
Like all major surgery, breast reduction has risks and limitations. These include:
- Bleeding, infection or delayed healing
- Noticeable or permanent scarring
- Temporary or permanent changes in nipple sensation
- Difficulty or inability to breastfeed in future
- Differences in breast shape, size or nipple position after surgery
It’s also important to know that results are not always permanent. Ageing, weight changes, or future pregnancies can alter breast size and shape over time.
Alternatives to surgery
Surgery is not always the first step. Before it is considered, other approaches may be explored, such as:
- Wearing professionally fitted or supportive bras
- Weight management if appropriate
- Physiotherapy to strengthen posture
- Pain relief for back and shoulder discomfort
Choosing a surgeon
If you are considering surgery, it’s essential to check the credentials of the breast reduction surgeon, and the clinic itself. In England, independent clinics must be registered with the Care Quality Commission (CQC). Surgeons should also be listed on the General Medical Council’s Specialist Register for plastic surgery.
A consultation is the opportunity to ask questions, go through your medical history, and set realistic expectations. No surgeon can guarantee exact cup sizes, perfect symmetry or invisible scars. A responsible surgeon will explain both the benefits and the limitations clearly.
Is breast reduction right for you?
Breast reduction surgery may be considered when large breasts cause physical health problems that affect daily life. It can relieve symptoms for some people but is an operation with risks and a recovery period.
This information is intended for general educational purposes only and is not a substitute for medical advice. Please consult a qualified healthcare professional for advice tailored to your circumstances.
